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Ranchi

Ranchi – The City of Waterfalls & Natural Beauty

The capital city of Jharkhand, Ranchi, is a major industrial centre of the state that is rich in natural wealth and minerals. In fact, its contribution to the mineral reserves of the entire country is about 40%. It is reckoned as the city of waterfalls and is also famous for its virgin landscape and simpleton lifestyle. Ranchi has a lot to offer when it comes to nature's hidden wonders, boasting a striking topography that includes enchanting waterfalls, emerald hills, rocky terrains, and gorgeous valleys. Emerging as a paradise for nature lovers, it is a perfect place where travellers can bask in the glory of nature. There are opportunities like trekking, nature trails, cultural trips, tribal tours, photo walks, etc., that make it one of the must-visit tourist places in India.

However, Ranchi is not just about the beautiful and scenic places; it is a place that is culturally vibrant as well. It is one of the most popular cities on the island with many festivals and other traditional events that are celebrated. To gain more understanding of the indigenous people of the land you can visit points of interest such as the Tribal Museum. The food is also good, especially the local delicacies such as Litti chokha and Dhuska that are commonly found in Ranchi. The people of Ranchi are always friendly and the atmosphere free from violence is another factor that attracts tourists. Sightseeing and exploring the culture, nature, and uniqueness of Ranchi is always an interesting thing to do.

History of Ranchi

Having been the centre of many powerful kingdoms since ancient times, the history of Ranchi is replete with many heralding events. From Magadh rule to post-independence, here’s a detailed view of its rich and intriguing history that can be described in phases mentioned below:

Magadh Empire

In the ancient era, southern Bihar was known as Magadh and was part of India's major Janpadas (major kingdoms). Ranchi was also an integral part of the Magadha Empire. Magadh was a significant place for the emergence of Buddhism and Jainism in India. 

Mauryan Empire

Chandragupta Maurya founded the Mauryan Empire during the Iron Age. Between 322 and 185 BCE, it was one of the dominant empires that ruled the Indian subcontinent. Another great ruler from this era was Ashoka The Great, the grandson of Chandragupta Maurya.

Gupta Empire 

The Gupta Empire got its expansion across northern, central and parts of southern India between 320 and 550 CE. It was the era where art, literature, science, and philosophy flourished to the fullest in the region, including Ranchi. Chandragupta I was the one who expanded himself as the first sovereign ruler of the empire. It was also the time of the fall of the Mauryan Empire, which ruled here for around 500 years. 

Nagvanshi Dynasty

After the decline of the Gupta Empire, King Phanimukut formed his Nagvanshi Dynasty here and took over the charge of the Chota Nagpur Plateau for centuries. 

Medieval Period

Akbar was the first ruler of the Mughal Era in the region. In 1585, he took charge of the region after the huge victory from the Raja of Kokrah Madhu Singh. He also took over the Nagvanshi Dynasty. Later, Jahangir, son of Akbar, took charge of administration in the region. 

British Raj

After winning the Battle of Plassey in 1757, the East India Company, or British Raj, took charge of the administration of the Indian Subcontinent. They ruled India until 1947, when it finally gained independence. The people of Ranchi also played an important role in gaining independence as they participated in the non-cooperation movement and various events that led to freedom.

Post Independence

After independence, Ranchi became part of Bihar. On 15 November 2000, Jharkhand became an independent state with Ranchi as its capital. Now, let’s check out the list of famous things to do in Ranchi!

Major Attractions In And Around Ranchi

Bestowed with natural wonders of India, many beautiful places to visit at Ranchi are worth visiting. Here’s the list of Ranchi tourist attractions! 

1. Birsa Zoological Park

Also known as the Birsa Jaivik Udyan, this zoological park is located on the Ranchi-Patna National Highway. Offering a great variety of exotic flora and fauna, this park is indeed a paradise for wildlife enthusiasts.

2. Topchanchi Lake

The Topchanchi lake is a main source that supplies water to Dhanbad along with its suburbs. However, the scenic beauty of this place renders it a loyal base as there are frequent visitors to this lake. A wonderful spot for picnic, this lake is indeed one of the best places to visit in Ranchi.

3. Jonha Falls

For nature enthusiasts, visiting Jonha Falls would be a good option. Apart from catching a view of a cascading waterfall from a great height, people also get a chance to discover unique hanging valleys. 

4. Hundru Falls – The Tallest Waterfall in Ranchi

• One of the most spectacular waterfalls, falling from a height of 98m.
• Best visited during monsoon season when it's at full flow.
• Ideal for picnics, photography, and nature walks.

5. Dassam Falls – A Stunning Cascade

• A beautiful waterfall on the Subarnarekha River, falling in multiple streams.
• A great place for adventure lovers and nature enthusiasts.
• Swimming is not advised due to strong currents.

6. Patratu Valley – A Scenic Drive

• A picturesque valley with winding roads, mountains, and lakes.
• A perfect spot for road trips, photography, and picnics.
• Offers boating and sunset views at Patratu Dam.

7. Rock Garden – Ranchi’s Mini Hanging Garden

• Built from the rocks of Gonda Hill, offering a panoramic view of Ranchi Lake.
• A great place for family outings, photography, and sunset views.

8. Pahari Mandir – A Sacred Hilltop Temple

• Dedicated to Lord Shiva, located on a 2140-foot-high hill.
• Offers a breathtaking view of the entire city.
• A must-visit during Mahashivratri.

9. Jagannath Temple – A Mini Puri

• A 17th-century temple dedicated to Lord Jagannath.
• The temple’s architecture resembles the famous Jagannath Temple of Puri.
• Hosts a grand Rath Yatra festival every year.

10. Birsa Zoological Park – Wildlife Exploration

• One of the best zoos in Jharkhand, home to tigers, leopards, and elephants.
• Perfect for families, kids, and wildlife lovers.

11. Sun Temple – A Unique Architectural Wonder

• Built in the shape of a gigantic chariot with 18 wheels and seven horses.
• A sacred place dedicated to the Sun God (Surya Devta).

12. Ranchi Lake – A Peaceful Getaway 

• An artificial lake built by the British.
• A great spot for boating and relaxing.

Ranchi is famous for its greenery and glistening rivers. The capital city of Jharkhand is well connected to all neighbouring and major cities through different means of transportation. Here is how you can reach Ranchi without much hassle.

• Nearest Metropolitan City. Kolkata
• Nearest Airbase. Birsa Munda Airport at Hinoo
• Nearest Railhead.  Ranchi Railway Station
• Distance from Kolkata. 403 km

Best Time to Visit Ranchi

You can consider visiting Ranchi during winter as the weather is extremely calming and comfortable. Also, you can indulge in sightseeing and adventure activities all through the time of the year in Ranchi is fun for travellers. A Ranchi tour's best time is definitely during the winter months when the temperatures are pleasant, making it ideal for exploring the city’s natural beauty and cultural sites. Whether it's trekking to waterfalls, enjoying nature trails, or participating in tribal tours, Ranchi sightseeing offers a fun and enriching experience for travellers year-round. 

By Air

Birsa Munda Airport at Hinoo is located around 7 km from the city centre and fairly well connected with other Indian cities. Once you deboard the flight, you must take a cab or other means of transportation to reach your destination.

• Distance from Birsa Munda Airport. 7 km

By Rail

 The nearest railway station to Ranchi is Ranchi Railway Station, also known as the Argora Railway Station. You can also consider Hatia Railway Station. Both the stations are well connected with other neighbouring regions of India. After deboarding at one of these stations, you can take a cab or a bus to reach your destination.

• Distance from Hatia Railway Station. 6.6 km via Doranda Main Rd

By Road

Ranchi is well-connected with several other cities by state road transport corporation buses. In addition to buses, you can also choose to travel via cab or your own vehicle.

• Distance from Masibari. 5 km
• Distance from Maharatoli. 6 km
• Distance from Birsa Nagar. 7 km
• Distance from Rampur. 16 km
• Distance from Baghmundi. 112 km
• Distance from Jamshedpur. 128 km
• Distance from Dhanbad. 173 km
• Distance from Gaya. 204 km
• Distance from Delhi. 1,259 km
• Distance from Mumbai. 1,715 km
• Distance from Bengaluru. 1,959 km

Conclusion

Ranchi is one of the most alluring cities in India and the climate of this city is very pleasant because of its green hills. Ranchi is the capital of Jharkhand and has many beautiful parks and waterfalls to offer. It is well-known for places such as Rock Garden, Tagore Hill and Dassam Falls. Social attractions indicate that people like going to Ranchi because of the natural calamities it possesses and the serene environment. It also continues expanding with good schools, hospitals and business establishments. This is evident in Ranchi where the lifestyles are cutting across the modernity and the natural setting, thus making it a good place to live or visit. Whatever might be your interest: if you are a nature lover or need a quiet place to spend your time, then Ranchi has something to offer to everyone.

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Frequently Asked Questions Related to Ranchi

Q. Why is Ranchi famous?
A. Other than its enchanting waterfalls, Ranchi is also famous for its breathtaking landscape and cultural diversity. 

Q. What is Ranchi's old name?
A. The old name of Ranchi was Kishunpur. 

Q. What are the best places for shopping in Ranchi?
A.

• Firayalal Chowk – Famous for handicrafts and tribal jewelry.
• Kadam Market – Best for souvenirs and Jharkhand special products.
• Shastri Market – Popular for clothes, footwear, and accessories.

Q.  What are the adventure activities in Ranchi?
A.

• Trekking in Dalma Hills and Dassam Falls area.
• Boating at Patratu Dam and Ranchi Lake.
• Wildlife exploration at Birsa Zoological Park.